Yesaya 10:16

10:16 For this reason ¹  the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies, will make his healthy ones emaciated. ²  His majestic glory will go up in smoke. ³ 

Yesaya 24:13

24:13 This is what will happen throughout ⁴  the earth,

among the nations.

It will be like when they beat an olive tree,

and just a few olives are left at the end of the harvest. ⁵ 

Yesaya 24:16

24:16 From the ends of the earth we ⁶  hear songs –

the Just One is majestic. ⁷ 

But I ⁸  say, “I’m wasting away! I’m wasting away! I’m doomed!

Deceivers deceive, deceivers thoroughly deceive!” ⁹ 

Ulangan 32:15-27

Israel’s Rebellion

32:15 But Jeshurun ¹⁰  became fat and kicked,

you ¹¹  got fat, thick, and stuffed!

Then he deserted the God who made him,

and treated the Rock who saved him with contempt.

32:16 They made him jealous with other gods, ¹² 

they enraged him with abhorrent idols. ¹³ 

32:17 They sacrificed to demons, not God,

to gods they had not known;

to new gods who had recently come along,

gods your ancestors ¹⁴  had not known about.

32:18 You have forgotten ¹⁵  the Rock who fathered you,

and put out of mind the God who gave you birth.

A Word of Judgment

32:19 But the Lord took note and despised them

because his sons and daughters enraged him.

32:20 He said, “I will reject them, ¹⁶ 

I will see what will happen to them;

for they are a perverse generation,

children ¹⁷  who show no loyalty.

32:21 They have made me jealous ¹⁸  with false gods, ¹⁹ 

enraging me with their worthless gods; ²⁰ 

so I will make them jealous with a people they do not recognize, ²¹ 

with a nation slow to learn ²²  I will enrage them.

32:22 For a fire has been kindled by my anger,

and it burns to lowest Sheol; ²³ 

it consumes the earth and its produce,

and ignites the foundations of the mountains.

32:23 I will increase their ²⁴  disasters,

I will use up my arrows on them.

32:24 They will be starved by famine,

eaten by plague, and bitterly stung; ²⁵ 

I will send the teeth of wild animals against them,

along with the poison of creatures that crawl in the dust.

32:25 The sword will make people childless outside,

and terror will do so inside;

they will destroy ²⁶  both the young man and the virgin,

the infant and the gray-haired man.

The Weakness of Other Gods

32:26 “I said, ‘I want to cut them in pieces. ²⁷ 

I want to make people forget they ever existed.

32:27 But I fear the reaction ²⁸  of their enemies,

for ²⁹  their adversaries would misunderstand

and say, “Our power is great, ³⁰ 

and the Lord has not done all this!”’

Yehezkiel 34:20

34:20 “‘Therefore, this is what the sovereign Lord says to them: Look, I myself will judge between the fat sheep and the lean sheep.

Zefanya 2:11

2:11 The Lord will terrify them, ³¹ 

for ³²  he will weaken ³³  all the gods of the earth.

All the distant nations will worship the Lord in their own lands. ³⁴ 

[10:16]  ¹ sn The irrational arrogance of the Assyrians (v. 15) will prompt the judgment about to be described.

[10:16]  ² tn Heb “will send leanness against his healthy ones”; NASB, NIV “will send a wasting disease.”

[10:16]  ³ tc Heb “and in the place of his glory burning will burn, like the burning of fire.” The highly repetitive text (יֵקַד יְקֹד כִּיקוֹד אֵשׁ, yeqad yiqod kiqod ’esh) may be dittographic; if the second consonantal sequence יקד is omitted, the text would read “and in the place of his glory, it will burn like the burning of fire.”

[24:13]  ⁴ tn Heb “in the midst of” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).

[24:13]  ⁵ sn The judgment will severely reduce the earth’s population. See v. 6.

[24:16]  ⁶ sn The identity of the subject is unclear. Apparently in vv. 15-16a an unidentified group responds to the praise they hear in the west by exhorting others to participate.

[24:16]  ⁷ tn Heb “Beauty belongs to the just one.” These words may summarize the main theme of the songs mentioned in the preceding line.

[24:16]  ⁸ sn The prophet seems to contradict what he hears the group saying. Their words are premature because more destruction is coming.

[24:16]  ⁹ tn Heb “and [with] deception deceivers deceive.”

[24:16]  tn Verse 16b is a classic example of Hebrew wordplay. In the first line (“I’m wasting away…”) four consecutive words end with hireq yod ( ִי); in the second line all forms are derived from the root בָּגַד (bagad). The repetition of sound draws attention to the prophet’s lament.

[32:15]  ¹⁰ tn To make the continuity of the referent clear, some English versions substitute “Jacob” here (NAB, NRSV) while others replace “Jeshurun” with “Israel” (NCV, CEV, NLT) or “the Lord’s people” (TEV).

[32:15]  sn Jeshurun is a term of affection derived from the Hebrew verb יָשַׁר (yashar, “be upright”). Here it speaks of Israel “in an ideal situation, with its ‘uprightness’ due more to God’s help than his own efforts” (M. Mulder, TDOT 6:475).

[32:15]  ¹¹ tc The LXX reads the third person masculine singular (“he”) for the MT second person masculine singular (“you”), but such alterations are unnecessary in Hebrew poetic texts where subjects fluctuate frequently and without warning.

[32:16]  ¹² tc Heb “with strange (things).” The Vulgate actually supplies diis (“gods”).

[32:16]  ¹³ tn Heb “abhorrent (things)” (cf. NRSV). A number of English versions understand this as referring to “idols” (NAB, NIV, NCV, CEV), while NLT supplies “acts.”

[32:17]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “your fathers.”

[32:18]  ¹⁵ tc The Hebrew text is corrupt here; the translation follows the suggestion offered in HALOT 1477 s.v. שׁיה. Cf. NASB, NLT “You neglected”; NIV “You deserted”; NRSV “You were unmindful of.”

[32:20]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “I will hide my face from them.”

[32:20]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “sons” (so NAB, NASB); TEV “unfaithful people.”

[32:21]  ¹⁸ sn They have made me jealous. The “jealousy” of God is not a spirit of pettiness prompted by his insecurity, but righteous indignation caused by the disloyalty of his people to his covenant grace (see note on the word “God” in Deut 4:24). The jealousy of Israel, however (see next line), will be envy because of God’s lavish attention to another nation. This is an ironic wordplay. See H. Peels, NIDOTTE 3:938-39.

[32:21]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “what is not a god,” or a “nondeity.”

[32:21]  ²⁰ tn Heb “their empty (things).” The Hebrew term used here to refer pejoratively to the false gods is הֶבֶל (hevel, “futile” or “futility”), used frequently in Ecclesiastes (e.g., Eccl 1:1, “Futile! Futile!” laments the Teacher, “Absolutely futile! Everything is futile!”).

[32:21]  ²¹ tn Heb “what is not a people,” or a “nonpeople.” The “nonpeople” (לֹא־עָם, lo’-’am) referred to here are Gentiles who someday would become God’s people in the fullest sense (cf. Hos 1:9; 2:23).

[32:21]  ²² tn Heb “a foolish nation” (so KJV, NAB, NRSV); NIV “a nation that has no understanding”; NLT “I will provoke their fury by blessing the foolish Gentiles.”

[32:22]  ²³ tn Or “to the lowest depths of the earth”; cf. NAB “to the depths of the nether world”; NIV “to the realm of death below”; NLT “to the depths of the grave.”

[32:22]  sn Sheol refers here not to hell and hell-fire – a much later concept – but to the innermost parts of the earth, as low down as one could get. The parallel with “the foundations of the mountains” makes this clear (cf. Pss 9:17; 16:10; 139:8; Isa 14:9, 15; Amos 9:2).

[32:23]  ²⁴ tn Heb “upon them.”

[32:24]  ²⁵ tn The Hebrew term קֶטֶב (qetev) is probably metaphorical here for the sting of a disease (HALOT 1091-92 s.v.).

[32:25]  ²⁶ tn A verb is omitted here in the Hebrew text; for purposes of English style one suitable to the context is supplied.

[32:26]  ²⁷ tc The LXX reads “I said I would scatter them.” This reading is followed by a number of English versions (e.g., KJV, ASV, NIV, NCV, NRSV, NLT, CEV).

[32:27]  ²⁸ tn Heb “anger.”

[32:27]  ²⁹ tn Heb “lest.”

[32:27]  ³⁰ tn Heb “Our hand is high.” Cf. NAB “Our own hand won the victory.”

[2:11]  ³¹ tn Heb “will be awesome over [or, “against”] them.”

[2:11]  ³² tn Or “certainly.”

[2:11]  ³³ tn The meaning of this rare Hebrew word is unclear. If the meaning is indeed “weaken,” then this line may be referring to the reduction of these gods’ territory through conquest (see Adele Berlin, Zephaniah [AB 25A], 110-11). Cf. NEB “reduce to beggary”; NASB “starve”; NIV “when he destroys”; NRSV “shrivel.”

[2:11]  ³⁴ tn Heb “and all the coastlands of the nations will worship [or, “bow down”] to him, each from his own place.”